Technological advances have revolutionized our ability to prevent, diagnose and treat a broad spectrum of diseases. Both inherited and acquired genetic alterations have been detected that enhance our understanding of the pathobiology of many illnesses.

The accumulation of data and the associated knowledge gained is being procured at an astounding pace. Cancer is the paradigm and the application of these discoveries has had a profound impact. In both blood cancers and solid tumors new strategies are emerging that prolong life and decrease morbidity. We now recognize that there are several hundred distinct malignancies and within each subset unique alterations that produce potential biomarkers and treatment targets. It is now possible to define high risk populations, develop meaningful early detection approaches, maximize the effectiveness of therapy, ameliorate toxicity and improve survivorship. The foundation has been established for remarkable progress that will extend to other medical conditions.